Techniques of Sea Level Research

Twenty thousand years ago, the ice-covered earth started melting, creating relatively large changes in sea level. Today the earth is still warming, glaciers are still melting, and the sea is still rising. Thankfully, with the study of the past, data can help predict the future. The best way to understand ancient sea level change is to study materials formed during that time. We at the University of Hawai’i Manoa (UHM) are working on fossilized coral reefs formed during the Last Glacial MaximumCoral Studies
The corals we collect using the remotely operated vehicle (ROV) SuBastian

We will take the collected samples back to our lab at the University of Hawai’i and start on our analysis of them. Using a mass spectrometerDeciphering Meaning
Along with the specific dates, we use coral morphology and species to understand the whole reef formation. The main reef forming corals in Hawai’i grow within 5-30m below sea level. There is one specifically that only grows within the first 5m. This precise growth range can help us pinpoint the sea level within ± 5m. The morphologies, such as encrusting or stout branching, can tell us about the sea state at that time of growth: Smaller, more delicate morphologies describe calmer seas. Conversely, encrusting morphologies lean towards rough sea and high wave energy.

Putting together all the data we collect, we are able to understand what this area was like since the Last Glacial Maximum. We can understand the rate and magnitude at which sea level rose. Farther down the road, we will be able to fit this information with other studies of fossilized coral reefs and sea level change to help predict and prepare for future sea level rise and climate change.

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